Effect of classic soft drink Coca-Cola as a solvent in the administration of tramadol and diazepam on biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidney

Omotayo B.  Ilesanmi; Temitope T.  Odewale

doi:10.31450/ukrjnd.3(67).2020.06

Omotayo B. Ilesanmi Federal University Otuoke https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4074-2239
Temitope T. Odewale University of Benin

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31450/ukrjnd.3(67).2020.06

Keywords: hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, histology, tramadol, diazepam, Coke.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the biochemical and morphological changes in the liver and kidney as a result of the acute administration of tramadol and diazepam with classic soft drink Coca-Cola (Coke ).

Method: Thirty-six (36) adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: Group A-control (distilled water), Group B (Coke ), Group C (tramadol, 50 mg/kg), Group D (tramadol dissolved in Coke, 50 mg/kg), Group E (diazepam, 10 mg/kg) and Group F (diazepam dissolved in Coke 10 mg/kg). All administrations were done intraperitoneal. Twenty-four hours after administration, blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture for evaluation of the liver (Aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and Alanine aminotransferase [ALT]), kidney (urea and creatinine [CREA]) function and the organs were excised and processed for histopathological examination.

Result: A significantly increased in AST, creatinine and urea concentrations was observed in Tramadol and Coke Groups compared to control (P<0.05), while diazepam had no significant effect on AST, ALT (P>0.05), though it caused a significant increase in urea and CREA (P<0.05). Dissolving the tramadol in Coke aggravated its hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, while Coke had no significant effect on diazepam. Histological examination also corroborated the biochemical result.

Conclusion: The results showed that mixing drugs with Coke does not improve the toxicity of tramadol and has no significant effect on diazepam.

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