Онконефрологічна допомога: чому вона необхідна і як її створити в Україні

M. Kolesnyk

doi:10.31450/ukrjnd.2(82).2024.02

M. Kolesnyk State Institution “O.O. Shalimov National Scientific Center of Surgery and Transplantology of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6658-3729

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31450/ukrjnd.2(82).2024.02

Keywords: onconephrology, chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, glomerular filtration rate.

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the need for nephrologists to participate in the treatment of cancer patients. The reasons for this are the high incidence of kidney involvement in cancer patients and the increase in the prevalence of malignant processes in nephrological patients.

There are many reasons for kidney damage in patients with oncopathology (drug-induced, paraneoplastic lesions, etc.), and in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) I-V, VD, and VT the risk of malignant diseases is significantly higher than in the general population. In both groups of patients, kidney function is a qualificatory determinant of the volume and effectiveness of treatment, duration, and quality of life.The complexity of the relationship between oncopathology and the kidneys, acute kidney injury (AKI), CKD, and oncopathology dictates the urgent need for both training of specialists in onconephrology and determining the organizational principles of the functioning of this type of specialized medical care.

Thus, interdisciplinary knowledge and experience which will be implemented through the subspecialty "onconephrology", training of nephrologists in this important component of modern nephrology and the creation of outpatient or hospital units is a crucial stage in the organization of specialized medical care for nephrological patients in general and onconephrology profile in particular.

Conclusions. Onconephrology is an important component of specialized medical care for cancer patients; Its implementation will improve the prevention, diagnosis of kidney damage, treatment outcomes, and the quality and duration of life of such patients.

The National Expert Group "Onconephrology" of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplantation Specialists (UAN and KTS) through the creation of an appropriate specialization program in nephrology, training of nephrologists, oncologists, the use of all available forms of raising awareness can contribute to the development of onconephrological care in Ukraine.

Supercluster health care facilities of hospital counties will be the basic institutions for providing onconephrological care to patients.

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